Preface
For 5000 years of Chinese history, there are “very few” emperors who can be called “benevolent emperors” and “ming emperors”. Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, but was called: “tyrant”. Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, established the foundation of the Han Dynasty, but he still couldn’t get rid of the taint of killing the heroes of the Han Dynasty by “flying birds with good bows. Emperor Taizong of Tang, who realized the “rule of Zhenguan” in the prosperous period of the Tang Dynasty, couldn’t help but regret the consequences of the Xuanwu Sect’s change. Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin “Chen Qiao Mutiny”, “Yellow Robe added to the body”, “Glass of wine to release military power.” It is inevitable that people will “cold heart all sorts of”, “Yangwen suppressed martial arts”, it has created the tragedy of the Song Dynasty showing weakness. And is it true that Mingjun Renjun is the fourth emperor of the Song Dynasty, “Song Renzong Zhao Zhen”.
Born to be miserable
There is a play in Chinese opera called: “The civet cat changes the prince”, and the protagonist in it is Song Renzong Zhao Zhen. The story of “racing cat for prince” is now known as “a household name.” The legendary experience of the protagonist Song Renzong Zhao Zhen makes people feel distressed, and everyone knows them. During the reign of Song Zhenzong, Concubine Liu and Concubine Li became pregnant at the same time in the late years of Zhenzong. In order to fight to be the empress of the palace and the queen of the palace, Concubine Liu made a scheming plan and replaced the son of the Li family with a skinned civet cat, slandering Consort Li Gave birth to evildoers.
Song Zhenzong was “furious” and beat Concubine Li into the cold palace and made Concubine Liu his queen. Later, when the sky was angry and the people complained, the son of Concubine Liu died, and the baby boy born to Concubine Li was established as the prince and ascended to the throne after going through ups and downs. This is Song Renzong Zhao Zhen. Finally, with the help of Bao Zheng, Renzong learned the truth and confessed to his biological mother who had been blind, while Liu, who had been promoted to the Queen Mother, hanged himself in fear of sin. This is the result of the drama, but the truth is not the case. .
In the end, Song Renzong Zhao Zhen was convicted of unfilial piety by Bao Zheng. He took off his dragon robe and beat the emperor. Finally, the Queen Mother Li was relieved of anger before he took his biological mother back to the palace. It was also another opera “Dragon Robe”. The provenance. I have never seen my own biological mother and never enjoyed maternal love. This shows how sad Song Renzong Zhao Zhen was born!
The record of Song Renzong Zhao Zhen’s life experience in Song history is not as mysterious as in the opera, but the circumstances of birth and circumstances are similar. Song history records: Renzong’s biological mother, Li, was originally the maid of Empress Liu when she was a concubine. She was solemn and reticent. Later, she was favored by Zhenzong and became one of the concubines in the harem. Before Concubine Li, Empress Zhenzong had given birth to 5 boys, all of whom died one after another. At this time, Zhenzong was distraught, embarrassed that no one would succeed to the throne.
When Li was pregnant, he traveled with Zhenzong and accidentally touched the jade hairpin. Zhenzong secretly said: If the jade hairpin is intact, he will be a boy. The jade hairpin was fetched from left and right, and it was as good as ever. This legend reflects the eagerness of Zhenzong to be thirsty for children from the side, and it is also a true portrayal of Zhenzong’s helplessness to ask for help from the gods. Although it is not entirely credible, it is certain that Li did give birth to a baby boy. Zhenzong’s middle-aged son was naturally overjoyed.
Song Renzong Zhao Zhen still had time to open his eyes to remember the face of his biological mother. With the acquiescence of his father, Zhenzong, he was “taken as his own son” by Concubine Liu, who had never been able to give birth, and was raised by Concubine Liu and Concubine Yang Shu. The birth mother, Li, was frightened by the power of Empress Liu, and could only watch her child being taken away by others, but she did not dare to show any dissatisfaction. Otherwise, she would not only endanger herself, but also bring disaster to her own son. In the end, Song Renzong’s biological mother, Li, died inexplicably. Everyone knew the stakes involved, and only then would there be suspicions and suspicions that the civet cat changed the emperor.
It was not until the death of Empress Liu, that Renzong Zhao Zhen became an adult and became an adult. He only knew the deeds of his biological mother and knew that he was not Empress Liu’s son. So when he knew about this, he felt so much pain in his heart.
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Retry
Enthroned without power, lenient Liu E
In the first year of Qianxing, Song Zhenzong Zhao Heng died of illness. Zhao Zhen, who was only 13 years old, inherited the throne and was known as Song Renzong in history. Because Renzong was too young, the Queen Mother Liu E first listened to politics, and Song Renzong became a powerless puppet emperor. All things big and small must be approved by the Queen Mother before they can be implemented.
As Emperor Renzong gradually grew up, Empress Dowager Liu E did not intend to “return politics to power”, but continued to listen to politics and handle national affairs on behalf of Song Renzong. This made Song Renzong who had a big revenge very distressed. The empress dowager Liu E died of illness in the second year of Ming Dao, and Song Renzong became pro-government in 1033. So he started the “Renzong ruling the world” under his rule.
It was only after the death of the Queen Mother Liu E that a group of officials played the matter of Song Renzong’s biological mother. So Song Renzong, who had just taken office, “sorrows and joys”, the joy is that he finally takes office and can perform his own big revenge. The sad thing is that he has never seen his biological mother, and the empress dowager Liu E is just an adoptive mother.
According to the minister’s account, the queen mother Liu E was the murderer who killed her own mother. She originally thought that Song Renzong and Zhao Zhen would “Settle after Autumn”, Abolish Liu E’s position as queen mother, and make her own biological mother the queen mother. However, the confirmation of this eternal benevolent gentleman made us unexpected and admired. Its method is to retain the Queen Mother Liu E’s position as queen, and enter the Song Zongmiao with his mother. Song Renzong’s “benevolence” was “extremely incisive” at this point, and he used his “benevolence” to forgive Liu E.
Eternal Renjun
Song Renzong’s benevolence lies in the Great Song Dynasty and in the later dynasties. Zhongdu is very famous and is known as “the first man in the ages.” , I think this good name should be “deserved of its name.” As the fourth emperor of the Song Dynasty, he had the supreme position and had the right to live, kill and seize. However, Song Renzong did not abuse his power. Historical records: Song Renzong tried and tried again every year during the execution of the Autumn Judgment. After checking and checking again, he was afraid that one of his own negligence would cause the end of an innocent life under the red pen.
Song Renzong had the supreme power as the emperor, but he was full of awe of heaven, earth and nature. According to historical records: Song Renzong was hungry and wanted to eat roast mutton. However, taking into account the needs of the people in the palace, he followed suit. He was worried that after he ate roast mutton at night, the people would kill sheep every day and kill people. Endure it.
On the second day, the waiter beside him said why not let it be delivered? Song Renzong said at this time: “If I can’t bear a momentary hunger, I will cause endless killings, and I will be violently sending heavenly things.” Now it seems that there is such a natural awe of heaven and earth, the emperor is really rare. Song Renzong’s benevolence is benevolence into the bones, between benevolence and thousands of living beings, and it is the blessing of the people of the Song Dynasty.
According to historical records, Song Renzong was walking in the imperial garden once, because he was thirsty and wanted to drink water, but the attendant did not bring the water because of his negligence. According to the emperor in the past, he would definitely be furious, and under the wrath of thunder, corpses were everywhere. However, Song Renzong’s approach made us unexpected. Song Renzong not only did not blame the waiter, nor did he ask the waiter to come and fetch the water. Because the imperial garden was far away from the palace, Song Renzong worried that the waiter had to go back and forth for a long time and hard work. Instead, he held back his thirst and kept returning. When I arrived at the palace, I started to drink water by myself. An emperor, an emperor who has the power to live and kill, does not rely on his own convenience in everything, but first considers the feelings and consequences of others, and thinks for others, which is really difficult and difficult.
Song Renzong’s “benevolence” is not only for thousands of living beings, not only for the waiters around him, but also for the ministers and scholars of the Song Dynasty to the extreme. Regarding the state affairs and personnel appointment and dismissal of the Song Dynasty, Song Renzong would adopt the method of court deliberations to make decisions, rather than acting alone. There are historical records, Song Renzong wanted to promote his favored Zhang Meiren’s uncle “Zhang Yaozuo” to Xuanwei’s ambassador. After discussing with the prime ministers, he took justice to the court, but he just proposed this plan. Yu Shi Bao Zheng Bao Qingtian The first one to stand up against it.
To know this Bao Zheng is “iron-faced and selfless”, and the master of “righteousness” can be said to see who he is. . In the face of Song Renzong, Bao Zheng never gave up his principles and must exercise his right to imperial history. Bao Zheng angered Song Renzong: This is the reputation and credit of the “super-excellent” Zhang Yaozuo, it is impossible to get this position, only relying on the merits of his niece as a beauty, and has no contribution to the country! When Bao Zheng was angry with Song Renzong, his attitude was “extremely violent.” When he spoke, the “spit stars” danced and splashed on Song Renzong’s face, making him embarrassed and annoyed. In the end, he could only cover his face with long sleeves. Bao Zheng’s “Spitting Star”, did not speak, swallowed his breath, and gave up this proposal.
We must know that in the feudal dynasty where the monarchy is supreme, this is a great disrespect to the emperor, and this is to prevent the emperor from getting off the table. To put it among other emperors, Bao Zheng was worried about his life, Xiang Shang was no longer there, and he would surely end up robbing his family and annihilating the clan. However, it was Song Renzong, who was such a “benevolence” who became a famous official of the Song Dynasty. Not domineering, not domineering, do not use power to suppress others, let alone bully others, it is even rarer to be the emperor of the “Ninth Five-Year”.
The stars hold the moon
Song Renzong is a good emperor who “exercises benevolent governance” and a good leader who loves “talents”. For the love of talent, he” eagerly “First of all, he knew to govern the country well, To “rule the monarch and his subjects at the same time”, we must have talents , The vision is unusually unique. Song Renzong attached great importance to the imperial examination and reached the top of the glory of the Song Dynasty. And the strategy and history of the Song Dynasty’s “reporting literature and suppressing martial arts” created a world of literati and also created the Song Renzong dynasty. All the stars hold the moon “The literati world. It also achieved Song Renzong’s “Renzong Shengzhi”, achieved the world’s great governance, and achieved a flourishing age.
Among the eight great masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties, 6 were from the Renzong dynasty of the Great Song Dynasty. The great writers Su Shi, Su Xun, Su Che, and the three fathers and sons were all promoted by Song Renzong and became “famous” and “famous throughout the ages.”And Wang Anshi, Sima Guang, Ouyang Xiu, Zeng Gong, Song Qi, these literary superstars also became a world literary hegemony through Song Renzong’s care and love. . Fu Bi, Han Qi, Wen Yanbo, Fan Chunren, these famous ministers from the Song Dynasty also came from the love of talent. Zhang Zai, who “sets the heart for the heaven and the earth, sets the destiny for the life and the people, continues to learn from the saints, and opens peace for all generations”, is a famous minister personally selected and reused by Song Renzong.
People like Shen Kuo, Su Song, Cai Xiang, Wen Tong, etc. are all talents discovered and promoted by Song Renzong through imperial examinations. , The famous minister Bao Zheng Bao Qingtian was also a talent selected by Song Renzong. It was Song Renzong who made Bao Zheng’s first generation of integrity, and made him a famous minister in the flourishing age, and made him fearless of power, upright, and selfless.
Famous officials like Yan Shu and Fan Zhongyan were created by Song Renzong I. They straddled the Great Song Dynasty. Zhong Jiajun, who planted Shiheng and Di Qing, who made the Daliao “fearful”, were promoted and reused by Song Renzong, and also defended the Song Dynasty. Of the country.
Therefore, the real “universal rule of the emperor and his subjects” was regarded as the real “simultaneous rule of the emperor and his subjects” in Song Renzong’s dynasty. Other dynasties are shouting slogans, to truly achieve “the ruler of the monarch and his subjects”, how big the mind and courage the emperor has. Few emperors can do it.
Childless successor
Song Renzong was lucky. In any dynasty, talents came out in large numbers, and the emperor and ministers together created the “” Renzong Shengzhi year of great governance, but Song Renzong was also unfortunate. Unfortunately, he had no children.No one inherited his last wish, no one inherited his first aspiration . The middle-aged Zhao Zhen, who had no children at his knees, brought Pu Wang Zhao Yun to the thirteenth son Zhao Zongshi (later renamed Zhao Shu, Song Yingzong) to join the palace and handed over to Queen Cao to raise him and was determined to be the crown prince. However, in the second year of Baoyuan, Zhao Xin was born because of Concubine Miao, Zhao Zhen of Song Renzong sent Zhao Zongshi out of the palace again.
However, Zhao Xin, the prince born to Concubine Miao, died, and Song Renzong cried bitterly for three days. Then all the princes born to other concubines also died. Song Renzong Zhao Zhen was in poor health and experienced the loss of three consecutive sons (Zhao Xin and Yang Wang Zhao Fang). (Jing Wang, Zhao Xi)’s trauma, and his heart is heavy, and the court is deeply concerned about the issue of the emperor’s heir. After repeated persuasion by Prime Minister Han Qi and ministers Bao Zheng, Fan Zhen, Sima Guang, etc., Song Renzong Zhao Zhen formally established Zhao Zongshi as the crown prince in August of Jiayou, and gave him the name Shu. Think about how painful Song Renzong felt when he made this decision.
Sorry to collapse
In February of the eighth year of Jiayou, Song Renzong Zhao Zhen could not afford to be seriously ill. On March 29, Song Renzong Zhao Zhen died at the Funing Hall in Bianjing, at the age of 54. The posthumous name was Emperor Wu Mingxiao, the title of God Wen Sheng, and the temple name was Renzong. In October, he was buried in Yongzhao Mausoleum. According to historical records, after the obituary of the death of Zhao Zhen of Song Renzong was sent to the Liao Dynasty, “people in the Yan realm cried no matter how far or near.” Yelu Hongji of the Liao Dao Zong also grabbed Song Shi’s hand and mourned: “Forty-two I didn’t know the military revolution in years.” Then he said: “I want to build a burial mound for him, and put his grief on him.” Since then, the monarchs of the Liao Dynasty have “honored him as their ancestors”.
After his death, the monarchs of other countries can cry so bitterly. It is estimated that only Song Renzong can “have this honor” in history. It can be seen that Song Renzong’s benevolence has crossed thousands of mountains and rivers to integrate into other countries. Called the second in history, no one dared to be the first.
Conclusion
Reigned for forty-two years, Song Renzong, who was the longest emperor in the Song Dynasty, created a prosperous age, “cultivating with the people” and “cultivating with the country”, he made history, and he made the first emperor of the Song Dynasty. , It was he who made a world famous minister. But God did not accomplish him, even if he was on the throne for another ten years, even if he was given a chance to choose his son to inherit the throne, perhaps the tragedy of “Jingkang Shame” in the late Northern Song Dynasty would not occur.
Therefore, Song Renzong’s life was “high driving and low going”, and the tragic ending also had to make people of later generations regret.
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