A study by scientists at the National Institutes of Health (USA) said that pregnant women who consume an amount of caffeine equivalent to half a cup of coffee a day will give birth slightly smaller than pregnant women who do not consume caffeinated beverages.
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U.S. researchers found a corresponding decrease in size and body mass for babies when the baby’s mother consumed less than 200 milligrams of caffeine per day – about two cups of coffee – which is believed to increase the risk to the fetus. Smaller birth sizes can put babies at higher risk of obesity, heart disease and diabetes later on.
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The team was led by Katherine L. Grantz, of the Internal Population Health Research Department at nih’s Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Dr Grantz said: “Until we learn more, the results show that you need to be cautious in limiting or completely eliminating those drinks that contain caffeine during pregnancy. Mothers should also consult a doctor about the consumption of caffeine during pregnancy”.
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Previous studies have pointed to a link between consuming more caffeine (more than 200 milligrams of caffeine per day) during pregnancy with young children compared to gestational age (pregnancy stage) or having a risk of limiting growth in the uterus – located in the lowest 10th percentimal segment for babies of the same gestational age. However, studies of moderate daily caffeine consumption (200 milligrams or less) during pregnancy have showed different results.
Some found a similar increased risk for underweight babies and poor birth results, while others found no such link. The current study authors note that many previous studies do not take into account other factors that may affect the birth size of babies, such as changes in caffeine content in different drinks and mothers smoking during pregnancy.
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For their study, scientists analyzed data of more than 2,000 racially and ethnically diverse women at 12 medical facilities who were enrolled between 8 and 13 weeks of pregnancy. The women do not smoke and do not have any health problems before pregnancy. Between the 10th and 13th weeks of pregnancy, the women were given a blood sample that was then analyzed for caffeine and paraxanthine, a compound produced when caffeine decomposes in the body. These people also said they consumed drinks containing caffeine daily (coffee, tea, soda and energy drinks) in the past week – once when they signed up and periodically throughout pregnancy.
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Compared to babies born to women who did not have or did not have a minimum blood caffeine concentration, the babies were born to women with the highest blood caffeine levels at birth who were 84 grams (about 3 ounces) lighter on average, 0.44 cm (about 0.17 in) shorter, and had a head circumfervity less than 0.28 cm (about 0.11 inches).
Based on women’s own estimates of the drinks they drank, women who consumed about 50 milligrams of caffeine a day (equivalent to half a cup of coffee) had babies 66 grams (about 2.3 ounces) lighter than babies born to those who did not use caffeine. Similarly, babies born to caffeine consumers also have thigh rings smaller than 0.32 cm (about 0.13 inches).
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Caffeine is believed to cause blood vessels in the uterus and placenta to shrink, which can reduce the amount of blood supply to the fetus and inhibit development. Likewise, researchers believe caffeine may have the potential to disrupt fetal stress hormones, put babies at risk of rapid weight gain after birth and cause obesity, heart disease and diabetes later on. They also concluded their findings suggested that even moderate caffeine consumption may be associated with a decrease in fetal development.
https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/
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